Which condition is a primary indication for biventricular pacing?

Biventricular pacing is primarily indicated for patients who have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. This condition is characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood effectively due to a weakened heart muscle, often resulting in symptoms of congestive heart failure. The goal of biventricular pacing, also known as cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), is to improve the coordinated contractions of the heart's ventricles, thereby enhancing overall cardiac output and alleviating symptoms of heart failure.

Biventricular pacing works by delivering electrical impulses to both the left and right ventricles at the same time, which helps to synchronize their contractions. This can lead to improved functional capacity, reduced hospitalization rates, and better quality of life for patients suffering from advanced heart failure.

In contrast, other conditions listed in the question do not typically warrant biventricular pacing as a primary treatment. For instance, ventricular tachycardia is often managed with antiarrhythmic drugs or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, myocardial infarction focuses on restoring blood flow and preserving heart muscle rather than pacing, and atrial fibrillation is typically treated with anticoagulation and rate control rather than biventricular pacing. Thus, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction