What is a common short-term complication of pacemaker implantation?

A common short-term complication of pacemaker implantation is the development of a hematoma or infection at the pacemaker site. This often occurs due to the surgical procedure itself, where the skin and underlying tissues are manipulated to place the lead and the pulse generator properly. As with any surgical intervention, there is a risk of bleeding, which can lead to a hematoma forming under the skin, as well as the potential for bacterial contamination, resulting in an infection.

Complications such as stroke or transient ischemic attack, while serious, are typically associated with more systemic issues rather than a direct consequence of the pacemaker implantation procedure itself. Pneumothorax or pleural effusion can occur particularly if the lead is placed improperly, but these are less common than hematoma or infection. Fatigue or dizziness can be experienced by patients for various reasons, such as adjustments to heart rhythm or medications, but these are not considered direct complications of the implantation procedure. Therefore, hematoma or infection stands out as the most frequent short-term complication specifically related to the surgical aspect of pacemaker placement.